흡수 absorption 휘두르다 to brandish[swing around, flourish, wield 후보 candidate 회복 (원래 상태로) [명사] recovery, restoration 활발하다 to be outgoing 환수 redemption, clawback 확연하게 noticeably, significantly, in a pronounced way 확산 spread, diffusion 확대 extension, expansion, enlargement, magnification, spread, blow-up 협상 대상 negotiation subject 혐의 (의심)suspicion, (죄명)charge, 부패혐의 allegations of corruption 혈세 taxpayer's precious money (literally, blood tax) 헬리콥터 helicopter 헬기 (군사) helicopter (공격[기동, 수송]헬기: attack[mobile, cargo] helicopter) 헌법재판소 the Constitutional Court 행정부 수장 the head of the administration (= president) 행정부 administration, the executive (branch) 해소 (해결) solution; (없애기) getting rid of; (줄이기) reduction 해석하다 to interpret (sth as sth) 해석되다 to be interpreted 해석 interpretation 해상 초계기 (군사) maritime patrol aircraft (MPA), marine patrol 해명 explanation, (formal) elucidation 합의를 이루다 to come to an agreement, to build a consensus 합동 참모 의장 the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff 한미 연합 사령부 the ROK-US Combined Forces Command (CFC) 한 발 물러서다 to take a step backward, to step back 학력 academic ability, level of education, academic[educational] background 하한가 lower price limit, lowest price 하사 (군대 계급) (육군, 해병대) staff sergeant; (해군) petty officer 1st class; (공군) technical sergeant 필독 required reading, indispensable[must] reading 포용 정책 (군사) engagement policy (노무현 정부의 대북정책) 포용 magnanimity, tolerance 포괄적으로 comprehensively, across-the-board, bigly, panoptically 폐지 1) (법률·제도 등의)[명사] abolition, revocation, discontinuance, (formal) abrogation; 2) (쓰고 버린 종이)waste paper, discarded paper 폐쇄 closing, closure, shutdown 폐기 disuse, abrogation, recision(cancellation); [동사] to discard 평화체제 peace regime 평화 번영 정책 policy of peace and prosperity (참여 정부의 통일 정책) 평시작전통제권 peacetime operational control 평균가 average price 파병하다 to send troops (to), to dispatch troops (to) 파면하다 to fire, to dismiss (sth) 파면되다 to be[get] dismissed[discharged, expelled] 파면 dismissal, fire 통제권 control (authority) 통솔하다 to take the reins, to lead 탄핵 심판 impeachment judgment; adjudication on impeachment 침몰 (물속에 가라앉다) sinking (침몰시키다: to sink (a ship)) 치루다 to conduct[accomplish] 측근 비리 irregularity[corruption] of close associates[aids] (to a powerful person) 취약 계층 vulnerable social group, the vulnerable 축적 accumulation, amassment, building up 축소 reduction, cut, squeeze, downsize 추이 (상황 변화) development (of), progress 추세 trend, tendency, drift 최정점 apex, peak 총선 general election (국회의원 선거) 촛불 집회 candlelight rally 청년 실업 youth umemployment, unemployment of young people 철수 evacuation, pullout; (군대) withdrawal 천문학적 astronomical 챙기다 to take care of, to take forged 챙기다 to take care of, to take for 참전 (군사) entry into war, participation in war 차석 대사 deputy ambassador 찜하다 (colloquial) to select, to get dibs on (찜: steamed dish) 짜깁기하다 to mend invisibly, to piece scene together 짜깁기 동영상 montage video, a composite video 징집병 a conscription (soldier), a draftee; a conscriptee 징병제 compulsory military system, conscription[draft] system, selective service 징벌적 조치 punitive measure 집계 total, aggregate, accumulation, add[sum] up 진행하다 to proceed, to make progress, to go along 진출하다 to advance, enter, go (into) 직접 선거 direct election 직거래 direct dealing, (formal) direct transaction 지휘권 (authority to) command, the right to command 지연시키다 to delay, to impede, to retard, to set something/somebody back 지역구 선거 local[distriction] election 지상군 사령부 ground forces headquarters (HQ) 지목하다 to point out, to spot[peg] (sb as sth), 지목되다 to be blamed (for sth) 지목 point out 증명하다 to prove 증명 proof 증거 인멸을 우려하다 to worry about destruction[extiction] of evidence 증거 evidence, proof 중장년층 the middle-aged 중장년 middle-aged 중장 (군대 계급) (육군, 공군, 해병대) lieutenant general; (해군) vice admiral 중위 (군대 계급)(육군, 공군, 해병대) lieutnant; (해군) lieutnant junior 중소형 주택 small and medium-sized house 중사 (군대 계급) (육군) sergeant first class; (해병대) gunny sergeant; (해군) chief petty officer; (공군) master sergeant 중령 (군대 계급) (육군, 공군, 해병대) lieutenant colonel; (해군) commander 중대 (군대 편성 단위) company 중개 의뢰 request of mediation, brokerage 준장 (군대 계급) (육군, 공군, 해병대) brigadier general; (해군) rear admiral 준위 (군대 계급) warrant officer 주임무 primary mission, main job[responsibility] 존치 retention, maintenance 제도적 장치 institutional strategies 정치권 인사들 political figures 정치권 political circles[community] 정치 성향 inclination of politics 정책 기조 policy direction, base of policy 정비 organization, alignment, modification 정경 유착의 고리를 끊다 break the chain of collusive ties between politicians and businessmen 정경 유착 a back-scratching alliance of government and business; a close[corrupt] relationship between political and business circles [謬: 그릇될 유 錯: 섞일 착] 전투 함정 battle ship 전제 premise, (formal) prerequisite, 전시 작전권 wartime control (authority) 전시 작전 통제권 wartime operational control (authority) (전작권) 전술기 tactical aircraft 전세 (법률) lease on a deposit basis 전면 부인 denial of the overall, a general denial 전망 prospect 전략적으로 strategically, tactically 적대 세력 power of hostility 작전권 (군사) operational authority, operation right 작전 지휘권 (군사) operation command authority ▶1950년 7월 14일 이승만 대통령이 맥아더 장군에게 보낸 서한에서 유엔군 사령관에게 이양 작전 부대 (군사) operating[operation] forces, unit of action 자원 (natural/underground) resources 자산 (유형·무형의 재산) assets, property 자본주의 capitalism 자본 capital 자극 stimulation, irritation 입에 담다 to mention (literally, to put sth. in mouth) 입법부 the legislative branch, legislature, legislative body[center, organ], law-making body 입력하다 to input[enter] (data) 입력 entry (입력 장치: input device) 임명권자 a person who has the appointive powers 임명 appointment 일등병 (군대 계급) (육군) private first class; (해병대) lance corporal; (해군) seaman; (공군) airman first class 일단 first, first of all 인정하다 to acknowledge(admit, accept) 인정 acknowledgment, admittance, acceptance 인멸 destruction, extinction 인권 문제 human rights problem[issue] 이양하다 to transfer, to hand[turn] over 이양 transfer, handover 이등병 (군대 계급) (육군) private; (해병대) private, private first class; (해군) seaman recruit, seaman apprentice; (공군) (Am) airman (basic) 의무감 a sense of duty 응답자 (formal) respondent, answerer 유탄 stray bullet 유죄 guilt, conviction 유엔 장관급 회의 U.N. ministerial conference[talks] 유산 1) (자연유산) miscarriage, stillbirth, (인공유산)abortion; 2) inheritance, legacy 유례 a similar example[instance], a parallel case 유도 무기 guided weapon, homing weapon 유교적 가치 Confucian Values 위협적 언행 menacing[threatening] words and actions[speech and behavior] 위헌 법률 심판 Unconstitutional legal judgment; (법률) adjudication on the constitutionality of statutes 월세 monthly rent 원수 1) (적) enemy, foe; 2) (군대 계급) five star (육군) (Am) general of the army; (해군) fleet admiral; (공군) general of the air force; 3) (최고 통치권자)the head of state[a country] 원사 (군대 계급) (육군) (command) sergeant major; (해병대) master gunnery sergeant, sergeant major; (해군) (command) master chief petty officer; (공군) (command) chief master sergeant 원동력 driving force, impetus, motive power, dynamics 웃기는 주장 ridiculous claim 운명을 가른 determining[cleaving] one's fate[destiny] 운명을 가르다 to determine[cleave] one's fate[destiny] 운명 destiny, fate 운명 destiny 우세하다 to be superior in numbers, to be dominant 우세 superiority, predominance 우려가 있다 There are fears that … , It is apprehended that ... 우려 worry, concern, fear 완만하다 (경사가) gentle, gradual; (속도가) slow 예하 under the banner[command] (예하부대: subordinate force/unit/element) 영향력을 행사하다 to exert[exercise] one's influence 영향력을 발휘하다 to apply leverage, to use one's influence, to bring influence to bear 영향력 influence, leverage, (informal) clout 영구적 permanent, everlasting, eternal 연대 (군대 편성 단위) regiment (포병[기병] 연대: an artillery[cavalry] regiment 연계성 connectivity 역세권 (subway) station influence area 역사상 유례가 없다 to be unparalleled[without parallel] in history 역대 정권 former governments, governments of all time 역대 of all time 여력 reserve[surplus] power[energy, strength] 여단 (군대 편성 단위) brigade (보병 여단: an infantry brigade) 엄밀하게 strictly, exactingly 언론 the press, the (mass) media 양극화 polarization, bipolarization 약식 기소 a summary indictment 악성 코드 malignant[malicious] code 아랑곳하지 않다 to give no attention to 심사권 (법률) reviewing authority; authority to examine 심각해지다 to grow serious, to become critical[urgent, strained] 실언 slip of the tongue 신축빌라 newly-built villa 시세 market price[value] 수용하다 to accept[agree] 수용 acceptance 소행 (usually bad) act, deed, 소폭 (by) a small margin 소장 (군대 계급) two star (육군, 공군, 해병대) major general; (해군) (Am) admiral, 소위 (군대 계급) (육군, 공군, 해병대) second lieutenant; (해군) ensign 소비자 consumer 소비 여력 consumption capability 소명하다 (법) to give primafacie evidence of the reason 소명되다 to give primafacie evidence of the reason 소명되다 primafacie evidence of the reason is given 소명 1) primafacie evidence of the reason; 2) calling; 3) vocation 소령 (군대 계급) (육군, 공군, 해병대) major; (해군) lieutenant commander 소득 격차 income[earning] gap[disparity] 소대 (군대 편성 단위) platoon 성장세 growth (trend) 성장률 rate of growth, growth rate 성장 동력 growth engine[power] 설치하다 to install[equip, set up] 설치 installation, equipment 선진 기술 advanced technique 선임원사 (군대 계급) (육군) senior (command) sergeant major; (해병대) senior master gunnery sergeant, sergeant major; (해군) senior (command) master chief petty officer; (공군) senior (command) chief master sergeant 선언 announcement, declaration, proclamation, pronouncement 서울 중앙 지방 검찰청 Seoul Central District Prosecutor's Office 서울 중앙 지검 Seoul Central District Prosecutor's Office 상호불간섭주의 the principles of mutual noninterference 상한가 upper limit price, ceiling price 상투적인 sterotyped, conventional, commonplace, usual[same old] 상사 (군대 계급) (육군, 해병대) master sergeant, first sergeant; (해군) senior chief petty officer; (공군) senior master sergeant 상등병 (군대 계급) a corporal(육군); a seaman(해군); a lance corporal(해병대); an airman lst class(공군) 삼권 분립 (법) separation of the three powers (administrative, legislative and judicial) 산하 under the influence [protection] of, (산하기관: affiliated organiztion) 사익 one's own interest 사법부 the judicial branch, the judiciary, (formal) the judicature 사단 (군대 편성 단위) (army) division (기갑사단: an armed division) 비중 specific gravity 비위를 맞추다 to please the whim (of), to please[flatter] (a person) 비위를 건드리다 to hurt sb's feeling, to offend (sb), to get on sb's nerves 비례 대표제 the system of proportional representation 비관적 pessimistic, gloomy 불확실하다 to be uncertain 불장난하다 to play with fire 불간섭 non-intervention, noninterference, noninvolvement 분양권 ownership of a lot [parcel] 분양 sale in lots, lotting-out, parceling-out, 분대 (군대 편성 단위) squad; (해군) division 북한 배후설 the assumption that NK was behind (this attack) 북미 관계 정상화 a normalization of the NK-U.S. relationship 부패 고리 cycle[ring, loop] of corruption 부정 부패를 근절하다 to eradicate[root out] illegalities and corruption 부정 부패 corruption, corruption and graft 보증금 security deposit, earnest money 보상하다 to compensate, (법률) to indemnify 보상 1) (보답) reward; 2) (법률) indemnification, [명사] (손해를 갚음) compensation (for) indemnity 병장 (군대 계급) (육군, 해병대) sergeant; (해군) petty officer 2nd class; (공군) staff sergeant 병력 (兵力: 군대의 인원) military strength, troops; (病歷) medical history 변질되다 to spoil, to go bad, to go sour, to be deteriorated 법원 court (of law) 배후 mastermind, wire-puller, de facto power, 밝히다 to illuminate, declare, brighten, determine, disclose 발언 comment, remark, statement, (formal) utterance 민주주의 democraticism 민주당 the Democratic Party 미분양 물량 (the) amount of real estate [unsold] 미8군 (군사) the Eighth US Army (EUSA) 물의를 일으키다 to bring on[arouse, evoke] public criticism[censure] 무죄 추정의 원칙 the presumption of innocence, benefit of doubt 무기한 an indefinite period, no time limit 모병제 volunteer military system 매물 houses for sale or rent 매매 trading, buying and selling 만족도 satisfaction degree 따지다 to calculate (the cost of), demand, consider 등락 fluctuation 둔화 slowdown (경제성장의 둔화: ~ in economic growth) 동의 agreement , consent , (formal) assent , (formal) concurrence ; (승낙) approval 동원 사단 (군사) mobilization reserve division (MRD) 돌파하다 'to break through' 독재 정권 a dictatorial[totalitarian] government 도발 provocation 대한민국 해양경비안전본부 Korea Coast Guard, KCG 대한민국 해병대 Republic of Korea Marine Corps, ROKMC 대한민국 해군 Republic of Korea Navy, ROKN 대한민국 육군 Republic of Korea Army, ROKA 대한민국 예비군 Republic of Korea Reserve Forces, ROKRF 대한민국 민방위대 Republic of Korea Civil Defense Corps, ROKCDC 대한민국 공군 Republic of Korea Air Force, ROKAF 대통령 선거 presidential election 대통령 권한대행 the acting President 대장 (군대 계급) four star (육군, 공군, 해병대) general; (해군) admiral; leader, commander (ex. 탐험대장: the leader of an expedition team) 대위 (군대 계급) (육군, 공군, 해병대) captain; (해군) lieutnant senior 대선 presidential election 대선 <대통령 선거> presidential election 대북 정책 기조 policy direction toward[on] North Korea 대북 정책 policy toward[on] North Korea 대법원장 Chief Justice of the Supreme Court 대법원 the Supreme Court 대물림 passing[handing] down from generation to generation 대령 (군대 계급)(육군, 공군, 해병대) colonel; (해군) captain 대대 (군대 편성 단위) battalion; (공군, 해군의) squadron 대가를 치르다 to pay the penalty (for sth), to count the cost (of sth), There will be the devil to pay 단지명 (hosuing/apartment) complex name 다연장 로켓 multiple rocket (다연장로켓발사기: multiple rocket launcher) 늘어날 수 밖에 없다 to have no choice but to increase, cannot help increasing 눈치를 보다 to try to read one's mind[face, countenance], to study one's face 뇌물수수 accepting bribe, bribery 뇌물공여 giving[offering] a bribe, bribery, bribe-offering 논리적 토대 logical foundation 냉담해지다 to grow cold 내부 문제 internal issue[problem] 내 길을 가다 to be on my way, to get into my way 납북자 abductee 남북 화해 interKorean reconciliation, rapprochement between the two Koreas 낙관적 optimistic 끊다 to cut (off), to disconnect 끈질기다 persistent, persevering, tenacious, pertinacious 꿀팁 very good tip 기조 basis, keynote 기소 유예 (법) suspension of indictment, stay of prosecution 기소 prosecution, indictment 기동 군단 (군사) maneuver corps (STARC: [미육군] Strategic Army Corps 전략기동군단) 긍정적 positive, affirmative 급등 sharp rise, sudden rise, big jump 급감 a rapid decrease, sharp drop, slump, a precipitous decline 금융 위기 financial crisis 그제 the day before yesterday (=그저께) 귀찮다 to be[get] annoyed[bothered] 군사 강국 a miliarty power[superpower] 군령 a military command[order] 군단 (군대 편성 단위) army corps 국회 의장 the Chairman of the National Assembly, the Chairman of Congress 국정 농단 monopoly of government[state] affairs 국정 감사 inspection of the administration[government offices] conducted by the National Assembly 국방비 (군사) national defense budget[expense, expenditure] 국무총리 prime minister 국군 포로 captive(POW) of Korean War detained in North Korea 국가보안법 National Security Law 구치소 detention center 구축하다 to construct, build, establish 구속하다 to imprison, to detain sb. in custody, to restrain (sb's liberty) 구속되다 to be imprisoned (detained in custody, restrained) 구속 imprisonment, confinement, detention 교류 협력 interchange[exchange, liaison] cooperation, cooperative[collaboration] exchange 공중전 air combat maneuvering (ACM) or dogfighting 공중 기동기 air combat maneuvering (fighter) aircraft 공산주의자 communist 공산주의 communism 공산당 the Communist Party 공범 accomplice 공모 complicity 고착화되다 to become permanent, 고착화 fixation, persistence 고위 관료 a high-ranking government official 고용불안 employment instability[uncertainty] 고속 성장을 하다 to achieve of high-speed growth, to grow rapidly 고속 성장 high-speed[rapid] growth 고령화 사회 elderly society 고령화 aging 고도 성장 high[rapid, speedy] growth 계승하다 succeed (to), inherit, (왕위를) (formal) accede (to) 경제력 격차 economic gap, difference[disparity, gap] in economic power[might, strenth] 경제 동향 economic trends 경거 망동을 삼가다 to behave prudently 경거 망동 輕擧妄動: doing[acting] rashly, commiting a rash act 겸직하다 to hold multiple positions[jobs], to have a dual job 결국 finally, eventually, ultimately, after all, at long last, in the long run 견인포 towed artillery 검찰관 prosecutor 검찰 the prosecution 걷히다 (clouds) blow over[roll by] / (the fog) lifts[clears up, clears away] 거스를 수 없는 irreversible (돌이킬 수 없는, 되돌릴 수 없는, 철회할 수 없는) 거스르다 (조류의 흐름을) to go upstream, (대세에) to swim against the tide[stream, current], (뜻을) to cross another's will, (거스름돈을) to give (sb) change 거부감 repulsion, resistance, feeling of denial 거래량 (exchange) volume 개혁 reformation 개성공단 Kaeseong Industrial Complex 개방 opening 감안하다 to consider, allow for, give consideration (to) 감시 통제기 surveillance and control aircraft 갈무리 screen shot; literally, putting things away in order 가파르게 steeply, sharply, precipitously, sheerly 가치관 (철학용어) view of value, values 가능성이 크다 there is a good chance (that ~), there is a strong possiblity (of rain)